Track 5 · Lesson 4 of 12

Default and keyword arguments

Make parameters optional with default values, pass arguments by name, and avoid the mutable default trap.

You will be able to

• Give parameters default values so callers can leave them out
• Pass arguments by name with keyword arguments, in any order
• Combine positional and keyword arguments correctly
• Explain why a list as a default value is shared between calls, and fix it with None