Track 10 · Lesson 7 of 12

Packages and the main guard

Group modules into packages with __init__.py, import from them with absolute and relative imports, and use if __name__ == "__main__" so a file works both as a script and as a module.

You will be able to

• Organise modules into a package folder and import from it with dotted names
• Explain what __init__.py does and what importing a package does and does not load
• Read relative imports such as from .pricing import apply_vat inside a package
• Use __name__ and the if __name__ == "__main__" guard so importing a file has no side effects